What is a bunion?

A bunion, medically diagnosed as hallux valgus, is a bump on the side of the great toe joint. This bump represents a deviation of the first metatarsal and often an overgrowth of the bone on the metatarsal head. In addition, there is deviation of the great toe towards the second one.

What causes a bunion?

Bunions develop from abnormal foot structure and mechanics (e.g. excessive pronation), which place an undue load on the first metatarsal. This leads to the supporting soft tissue, such as joint capsules and ligaments to stretch, with the result being gradual deviation of the first metatarsal.

What are symptoms of a bunion formation?

The most common symptom associated with bunion deformity is pain on the side of the foot. Shoes will typically aggravate bunions. Stiff leather shoes or shoes with tapered to box are prime offenders. A bunion site will often be slightly swollen and red from constant rubbing and irritation of a shoe.

What are treatment options for a bunion?

Bunions are commonly treated with conservative means. This may involve shoe gear modification, in the form of orthotics or padding. When this fails to provide adequate relief, surgery is often recommended. There are several surgical procedures (bunionectomy) to correct bunions. Selection of the most appropriate procedure for each patient requires knowledge of the level of deformity, review of x-rays, and an open discussion of the goals of the surgical procedure. For more information please click the link below.

Source: Podiatry Network, http://podiatrynetwork.com/?p=889